What is Compression Therapy?
Compression therapy is a fundamental component of lymphedema management. By applying external pressure to the affected limb, compression helps prevent fluid accumulation, supports the lymphatic system, and maintains the volume reductions achieved through treatment.
Types of Compression
Multi-Layer Bandaging
During the intensive treatment phase, multi-layer compression bandaging is typically used. This involves:
- Padding layers to protect the skin and create an even surface
- Short-stretch bandages that provide working pressure during movement
- Multiple layers applied in a specific pattern for optimal effect
Bandaging is particularly effective for:
- Reducing large amounts of swelling
- Softening fibrotic tissue
- Preparing the limb for garment fitting
Compression Garments
Once optimal volume reduction is achieved, compression garments are used for maintenance. Options include:
- Ready-to-wear garments in standard sizes
- Custom-made garments for complex cases or unusual limb shapes
- Various compression classes (typically 20-30 mmHg or 30-40 mmHg)
- Different styles including sleeves, stockings, gloves, and more
Adjustable Compression Devices
For some patients, adjustable wrap systems provide an alternative to traditional bandaging or garments. These devices:
- Can be easily adjusted throughout the day
- May be easier for patients with limited dexterity
- Can be used for self-management
How Compression Works
Compression therapy works through several mechanisms:
- External Pressure: Counteracts the tendency of fluid to accumulate in tissues
- Muscle Pump Enhancement: Improves the effectiveness of muscle contractions in moving fluid
- Tissue Support: Provides structural support to tissues affected by lymphedema
- Skin Protection: Helps prevent skin breakdown and injury
Garment Fitting
Proper garment fit is essential for effective compression. Our certified fitters:
- Take detailed measurements of your affected limb
- Recommend appropriate compression levels
- Ensure garments fit correctly and comfortably
- Provide education on donning and doffing techniques
- Schedule follow-up fittings as needed
Compression Pumps
Pneumatic compression devices (compression pumps) may be used as an adjunct to other treatments. These devices use air-filled chambers to provide sequential compression, which can help:
- Move fluid toward the trunk
- Soften tissue
- Supplement manual treatment
Tips for Success with Compression
- Wear consistently: Compression works best when worn throughout the day
- Apply correctly: Learn proper donning techniques to avoid skin damage
- Care properly: Follow washing instructions to maintain garment life
- Replace regularly: Garments lose elasticity over time (typically 4-6 months)
- Monitor your skin: Report any irritation or changes to your therapist
- Stay active: Movement while wearing compression enhances its effectiveness